This book presents some fascinating phenomena associated with the remarkable features of nanofibres in electrospinning processes and new progress in applications of electrospun nanofibres. This volume offers an overview of structure-property relationships, synthesis and purification, and potential applications of electrospun nanofibres in composite materials. The collection of topics in this book aims to reflect the diversity of recent advances in electrospun nanofibres with a broad perspective which may be useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers.