The aim of the literature review has been to identify information in relation to the key enablers, constraints, knowledge gaps, and current initiatives to support under-represented groups, strategies to assist potential students to transition successfully into higher education and best practice examples for deeper analysis of factors affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander transition to Australian universities. The Review of higher education access and outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: Final Report (IHER), published in September 2012 (Behrendt et al., 2012), reviewed and made recommendations on higher education access and outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This literature review has contributed to this body of research through investigating the transition to higher education of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students.