In a key geostrategic region grappling with new adverse external and internal factors, the importance of effective collective deterrence cannot be overestimated. In this monograph, two leading Nordic defense and security experts assess the contribution the militarily non-aligned Nordic nations of Finland and Sweden, in particular, could make to U.S. and NATO efforts to craft a credible deterrence policy in the Nordic-Baltic region. The authors analyze the negative regional security trends, including the downscaling of European defense capabilities over the last decade contrasted with Russia's rearmament and its demonstrated willingness to use military force. They recommend specific options with enhanced deterrence in mind, notably through greater and deeper mutual and international cooperation and convergence. The importance of a visible and robust military presence in the region is also noted, as is that of enhanced military capabilities combined with defense integration processes in the Nordic nations. Support from the U.S. Army is essential for bolstering deterrence.