A comprehensive compilation of original readings representing all of the major 'isms, Ideals and Ideologies puts students in touch with the thinkers and ideas that shape the political world. This reader offers students a generous sampling of key thinkers in different ideological traditions and places them in historical and political context. Used on its own or with Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal, Ideals and Ideologies accounts for the different ways people use ideology to interpret change in the world and directly conveys the ongoing importance of ideas in politics.

Table of Contents

* Selections new to the ninth edition.

 

PART I. IDEOLOGY AND DEMOCRACY

 

Chapter 1. Ideology and Ideologies

Reading 1.1. Terrell Carver, â Ideology: The Career of a Conceptâ

 

Chapter 2. The Democratic Ideal

Reading 2.1. Euripides, â Democracy and Despotismâ

Reading 2.2. Pericles, â Funeral Orationâ

Reading 2.3. Aristotle, â Democratic Judgment and the â Middlingâ Constitutionâ

Reading 2.4. Niccol� Machiavelli, â Whatâ s Wrong with Princely Rule?â

Reading 2.5. John Adams, â What Is a Republic?â

Reading 2.6. â Bill of Rights of the United Statesâ

Reading 2.7. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy and Equalityâ

Reading 2.8. John Stuart Mill, â Democratic Participation and Political Educationâ

 

 

PART II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

 

Chapter 3. Liberalism

Reading 3.1. Thomas Hobbes, â The State of Nature and the Basis of Obligationâ

Reading 3.2. John Locke, â Toleration and Governmentâ

Reading 3.3. Thomas Paine, â Government, Rights, and the Bonds Between Generationsâ

Reading 3.4. â Declaration of Independence of the United Statesâ

Reading 3.5. â Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizensâ

Reading 3.6. Adam Smith, â Private Profit, Public Goodâ

Reading 3.7. Immanuel Kant, â Freedom and Enlightenmentâ

Reading 3.8. John Stuart Mill, â Liberty and Individualityâ

Reading 3.9. William Graham Sumner, â According to the Fitness of Thingsâ

Reading 3.10. T. H. Green, â Liberalism and Positive Freedomâ

*Reading 3.11. Franklin D. Roosevelt, â New Deal Liberalism: A Defenseâ

Reading 3.12. Murray Rothbard, â Libertarian Anarchismâ

*Reading 3.13. Terence Ball, â A Libertarian Utopiaâ

 

Chapter 4. Conservatism

Reading 4.1. Edmund Burke, â Society, Reverence, and the â True Natural Aristocracyâ â

Reading 4.2. Joseph de Maistre, â Conservatism as Reactionâ

Reading 4.3. Michael Oakeshott, â On Being Conservativeâ

*Reading 4.4. Russell Kirk, â Ten Conservative Principlesâ

Reading 4.5. Robert H. Bork, â Modern Liberalism and Cultural Declineâ

Reading 4.6. Irving Kristol, â The Neoconservative Persuasionâ

Reading 4.7. James Dobson, â Standing Strong in a Confused Cultureâ

Reading 4.8. W. James Antle III, â The Conservative Crack-upâ

 

Chapter 5. Socialism and Communism: More to Marx

Reading 5.1. Thomas More, â Utopiaâ

Reading 5.2. Robert Owen, â Address to the Inhabitants of New Lanarkâ

Reading 5.3. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, â The Communist Manifestoâ

Reading 5.4. Karl Marx, â On the Materialist Conception of Historyâ

 

Chapter 6. Socialism and Communism: After Marx

Reading 6.1. Eduard Bernstein, â Evolutionary Socialismâ

Reading 6.2. V. I. Lenin, â Revisionism, Imperialism, and Revolutionâ

Reading 6.3. Leon Trotsky, â The Permanent Revolutionâ

Reading 6.4. Mao Zedong, â On the Peopleâ s Democratic Dictatorshipâ

Reading 6.5. Mikhail Bakunin, â Anarcho-Communism vs. Marxismâ

Reading 6.6. Emma Goldman, â Anarchism: What It Really Stands Forâ

Reading 6.7. Edward Bellamy, â Looking Backwardâ

*Reading 6.8 â Christian Socialist Movement: A Statement of Aimsâ

Reading 6.9. Michael Yates---Can the Working Class Change the World? 

 

Chapter 7. Fascism

Reading 7.1. Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau, â Civilization and Raceâ

Reading 7.2. Benito Mussolini, â The Doctrine of Fascismâ

Reading 7.3. Alfredo Rocco, â The Political Theory of Fascismâ

Reading 7.4. Adolf Hitler, â Nation and Raceâ

 

 

PART III. POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES TODAY AND TOMORROW

 

Chapter 8. Liberation Ideologies and the Politics of Identity

*Reading 8.1. Martin Luther King, Jr., â Where Do We Go from Here?â

*Reading 8.2. Malcolm X, â The Ballot or the Bulletâ

Reading 8.3. Steve Biko, â Black Consciousness and the Quest for a True Humanityâ

Reading 8.4. Mary Wollstonecraft, â A Vindication of the Rights of Womenâ

Reading 8.5. Olympe de Gouges, â Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizenâ

Reading 8.6. Sarah Grimk�, â Letters on the Equality of the Sexesâ

Reading 8.7. â Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutionsâ

Reading 8.8. Marilyn Frye, â Oppressionâ

Reading 8.9. John Corvino, â Homosexuality: The Nature and Harm Argumentsâ

Reading 8.10. Taiaiake Alfred, â Indigenist Pathways to Action and Freedomâ

Reading 8.11. Gustavo Gutierrez, â Liberation Theologyâ

Reading 8.12. Peter Singer â All Animals Are Equalâ

 

Chapter 9. â Greenâ Politics: Ecology as Ideology

Reading 9.1. Aldo Leopold, â The Land Ethicâ

Reading 9.2. Wendell Berry, â Getting Along with Natureâ

Reading 9.3. Dave Foreman, â Putting the Earth Firstâ

Reading 9.4. Vandana Shiva, â Women in Natureâ

*Reading 9.5. James H. Cone, â Whose Earth Is It Anyway?â

 

Chapter 10. Radical Islamism

Reading 10.1. Sayyid Qutb, â Milestonesâ

Reading 10.2. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, â The Necessity for Islamic Governmentâ

Reading 10.3. Osama bin Laden and Others, â Jihad Against Jews and Crusadersâ

 

Chapter 11. Postscript: Globalization and the Future of Ideology

Reading 11.1. John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, â The Hidden Promise of Globalization: Liberty Renewedâ

Reading 11.2. Patrick Buchanan, â Globalization as Economic Treasonâ

Author Biography

Terence Ball is Professor of Political Science at Arizona State University.

 

Richard Dagger is Professor of Political Science at Rhodes College.