Excerpt from International Congress of Arts and Science, Vol. 9: Biology; Comprising Lectures on Bacteriology, Embryology, Plant Morphology, Animal Morphology, Ecology, Plant Physiology, Plant Pathology, Human Anatomy, Comparative Anatomy, and General Biology My principal theme, therefore, is the development of morphological conceptions as illustrated by plant morphology. It would be confusing to introduce the mass of details and the names of investigators suggested by this subject. Nor would there be any advantage in recording the changes of conceptions in reference to the great variety of structures developed by the plant body and in re ference to their relation to one another. My purpose is to illustrate the general change of attitude, the shifting of the point of view, in refer ence to plant organs, as knowledge has increased. No definite names or dates can be cited, for the movement has been general and gradual, developed out of common experience and proceeding from the back ground of accumulated knowledge. Disregarding the numerous pos sible subdivisions, the attitude of mind towards a plant organ during the last half-century has presented three distinct phases. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.