Keith Pilbeam is Professor of International Economics and Finance at City University, London, UK. He teaches on the international programmes of Boston University and has been a Visiting Professor at the European University Institute in Florence. He is President of the International Economics and Finance Society (UK), undertakes consulting work for a number of City financial institutions and advises the UK Foreign Office on international economic issues. He is the author of International Finance, Finance and Financial Markets and Exchange Rate Management (Palgrave Macmillan).