This second volume in The Year in Neurology series focuses on present reviews covering novel approaches to our understanding neurological diseases through both basic science and clinical approaches.  A wide-range of topics is covered within this volume, including: vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia neurological nanotechnology neurologic diseases  sleep disorders chronic inflammatory diseases NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member.