Earthquakes are caused by propagation of seismic waves that are triggered by the sudden release of energy from the Earth's lithosphere. Such large wave propagations are generated through fracturing of geological faults and can cause immeasurable damage to life and property. Seismology and earthquake research strives to predict and forecast earthquakes to minimize the impacts on human life, property and the environment. This is done by strategies that combine statistical models with geological data. This book aims to provide detailed information about earthquakes and the current methodologies in this field of study. It covers in detail some existing theories and innovative concepts revolving around this discipline. The content included herein is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.