Ernest Miller Hemingway, born July 21, 1899, was a seminal American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist renowned for his minimalist style and influence on 20th-century literature. His literary output, primarily produced between the mid-1920s and mid-1950s, includes seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works, with several more published posthumously. Hemingway's adventurous life and robust public persona captivated contemporaries and readers alike, culminating in a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. His works, many of which are considered American classics, reflect his experiences and observations from his time as a Red Cross ambulance driver in WWI, a foreign correspondent in Paris, and a journalist during the Spanish Civil War and WWII.Hemingway's personal life was as turbulent and dynamic as his professional one, marked by four marriages and a series of global residences from Paris to Key West and Cuba. His experiences in WWI, notably being seriously wounded on the Italian Front, heavily influenced his novel A Farewell to Arms. Hemingway's time in Paris during the 1920s, as part of the "Lost Generation," informed his breakout novel, The Sun Also Rises. His later years were overshadowed by ill health from two consecutive plane crashes in Africa in 1954, contributing to his legacy as a figure of both literary prowess and personal tragedy.