Leroy G. Baruth is professor and chair of the department of human development and psychological counseling in the Reich College of Education at Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina. He received his doctorate from the University of Arizona in Tucson. M. Lee Manning is professor and eminent scholar in the department of teaching and learning in the Darden College of Education at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia. He received his doctorate from the University of South Carolina in Columbia, South Carolina, and has published more than 175 journal articles and 35 books.