The Campaign in Italy focuses on Allied efforts to drive Italy out of the war, defeat the German forces there and to push up through the Italian peninsula to threaten the German underbelly. The three Indian divisions participated in this Allied effort. They distinguished themselves in the battles of Sangaro, Cassino, the Liri Valley, the Gothic Line and many more engagements. After the end of World War II, the Government of India formed a Historical Division in the Ministry of Defence. This office was tasked to produce History of the Second World War, with special reference to the part played by soldiers of the British Indian Army. Based on the official war diaries, reports and other documents held by the Division, as well as in consultation with a few actual participants.