Provides a new theoretical model, which extends and improves the range of responses to the problem by analysing trafficking and exploitation as a pattern that emerges from the interactions between the victim, the perpetrators of the exploitation and the environments in which they both exist. Challenges the assumptions which underpin the tactical and strategic responses of professionals, and criminal justice and safeguarding organisations. Questions the received wisdom that potential victims exhibit characteristics that are risk factors or predictors of trafficking, slavery and exploitation - it is the differences between cases of modern slavery that help us to understand how it emerges and is maintained over time.