Digital Protection for Power Systems

Electric power systems have become much more complex in the past years, due to the integration of distributed generation including renewable energy sources and the challenges caused by intermittency of renewables. This complexity makes power systems potentially more vulnerable. However, use of computer-based protection methods (i.e., digital protection relays) supported by communication technology have helped in protecting electrical networks from faults to which they are subjected to.

This second edition of the book covers a comprehensive introduction to the protection of electrical power systems using digital protective relays. The new edition offers a thorough revision and update, and comprehensive additional material. Chapters treat the mathematical background of protection algorithms including, sinusoidal-wave-based algorithms, Walsh function and S-Transform-based techniques, least squares and differential equation-based techniques, travelling wave-based protection, protection of transformers, digital line differential protection, a comparison between digital protection algorithms, and importantly, protection of networks with distributed generation including renewable energy resources. The book is written for researchers in electrical engineering and power engineering, in industry, utilities and universities, and for advanced students. The treatment is logically structured, covering mathematics and principles for the development and implementation of the major algorithms underlying different protection techniques. These techniques can be applied to protection of generator transformers, lines, switchgear and cable circuits: the main components of transmission and distribution systems with and without integrated distributed energy sources including renewables.

Author Biography

Salman K. Salman is Professor Emeritus at The Robert Gordon University-Aberdeen, Scotland, where he established and led the Renewable Energy & Power Systems Group. His research interest includes integration of renewable energy sources into electrical distribution networks, modelling of wind turbines, protection of distribution networks with integrated distributed generation, and substation automation. He worked closely with industry including ALSTOM, ScottishPower, Cruickshank and Partners, and National Grid, UK. He is the author of more than 120 papers, the author of “Introduction of Smart Grid-Concept, Technologies and Evolution” (IET, 2017), and the co-author of “Digital protection for power systems, 1st Edition” (IET, 1995).

Allan T. Johns was Professor of Electrical Engineering and Head of the School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering at the University of Bath. He was the author of over 200 journal papers, and in 1982 he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science for his original and substantial contribution to knowledge in the area of digital protection and simulation of electrical power systems. He worked for nine years in British industry, both in electricity supply and in manufacturing. He was a Fellow of the IEE, a Series Editor for the IEE Power Series of books and Tutorial Editor of Power Engineering Journal. Among the awards he earned were the IEE Crompton Premium in 1983 and the IEE Power Divisional Board Premium in 1989.