HSI is completely non-contact, does not require chemicals to “develop” samples, and is highly selective and sensitive to optical spectral changes in materials. As such, the technology allows identification and separation of target species to be made using imaging systems that are compact, cost-effective, fast to scan and, crucially, deliver rapid initial analysis of results. Today those benefits are exploited in a range of applications spanning food inspection and quality control; art conservation; environmental monitoring; military systems; and increasingly in forensic science laboratories. The book is intended to be a comprehensive field guide to HSI technology; operational performances of push-broom spectral cameras; and how to build measurement systems for different applications. An underlying theme will be the translation of laboratory instrumentation into factory and process-line settings – with specific case studies relevant to the food processing industry (e.g. meat, seafood, biscuits). Practical application examples will be provided in specific chapters with information on system configurations, technical issues to be solved, and signal processing requirements – with a particular focus on the food processing industry, art conservation and forensic science.