Tom Ruys is a professor of international law at Ghent University where he heads the Ghent Rolin-Jaequemyns International Law Institute. He is co-editor-in-chief of the Military Law and Law of War Review. His publications include 'Secondary Sanctions: A Weapon Out of Control' (with C. Ryngaert, British Yb IL 2020) and the Cambridge Handbook of Immunities and International Law (2019, ed. with N. Angelet). Cedric Ryngaert is a professor of international law at Utrecht University. His publications include Jurisdiction in International Law (2015, 2nd ed), Selfless Intervention: The Exercise of Jurisdiction in the Common Interest (2020), and 'Secondary Sanctions: a weapon out of control' (with T. Ruys). He chairs the Dutch Advisory Council on International Law and is the editor-in-chief of the Netherlands International Law Review. Felipe Rodríguez Silvestre is a Ph.D. researcher at Ghent University focusing on the legality of secondary sanctions under public international law. He studied law at Universidad de Chile and holds a Master of Laws degree in Advanced Studies in Public International Law from Leiden University. Felipe previously worked as a legal officer of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile in the dispute between Chile and Bolivia before the International Court of Justice, 'Obligation to negotiate access to the Pacific Ocean'.