Excerpt from The Effect of Substitution on the Free Energy of Reduction of Benzoquinone: Including a Study of the Electrometric Titration Method of Measuring Potentials Although it has been shown 2 that the oxidation and reduction Of at least certain organic compounds can be explained according to the theories established for inorganic chemistry from which it should be possible to choose an oxidizing or reducing agent as well as the conditions Of acidity and concentration necessary for a particular reaction from a consideration Of the energy relations involved, nevertheless it is still necessary to make such selections in a more or less empirical manner because so little quantitative data is available that reasoning from general principles is impos sible. It is, therefore, highly important to Obtain data on the normal potentials of organic compounds and to determine the quantitative. Influence that substituent groups exert in different types Of nuclei. The meagreness Of such data is due largely to the labor required in determining concentrations and the time necessary to reach equilibrium when the potentials are measured by the customary method Of pure mixtures. Also considerable doubt has been felt concerning the validity Of methods using secondary oxidiz ing materials Of an inorganic nature to shortenthis time. It has accordingly been the purpose Of the present investigation to test the validity and precision Of the more rapid electrometric titration method as a means Of measuring potentials and then to utilize this method in a systematic study Of the effect Of substitutiomon the free energy change Of oxidation-reduction reactions. This paper is, therefore, the beginning Of work. Determining the relation Of structure Of organic compounds to their oxidation-reduction potentials and the free energy change involved. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.