The field of vascular surgery in medicine has been shaped by the contributions of many surgeons and scientists over several thousand years. Accounts of their lives continue to provide fascinating profiles of courage and ingenuity. Stories of surgeons performing particular operations for the first time are exciting and awe-inspiring; they are truly chronicles of difficulty and danger which provide fascinating reading and an educational experience for practitioner and student alike. This book is different from the first edition because in the ensuing 15 years, vascular surgery has been transformed into a new specialty incorporating endovascular surgery and techniques. There have also been many additional exciting innovations in the field. All of these events are described in the new 'Millennial' edition. Several additional chapters detailing older historical events have also been added.