This lecture by James Robert Ballantyne provides a detailed introduction to Sánkhya philosophy, one of the six major schools of ancient Indian philosophical thought. Ballantyne covers the history and major themes of the philosophical tradition, including the concepts of Prakriti, Purusha, and the Gunas. The text also includes an English translation of the Tattwa Samása, one of the foundational texts of Sánkhya philosophy. With clear explanations and insightful analysis, this book is an excellent introduction to the world of Indian philosophy. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.