The Soviet Union occupied her southern neighbor Afghanistan on Thursday, December 27, 1979. Soon after the occupation, significant impacts were felt on agriculture and other sectors of the economy. Agricultural extension, as the main department within the Ministry of Agriculture, was severely affected in terms of programs, organizations, personnel, budget, methods, relations with farmers, and transfer of improved technologies. This book provides the background of the neglect on the agricultural extension system and the adverse affects it had on the integrity of the agricultural system and the eventual lead-up to heavy poppy cultivation. The book proposes detailed planning for outlining the needs of the extension system. The analysis of the extension system presents a design on how best to rebuild new systems and restore traditional systems. This book highlights agricultural extension systems which should be revisited and implemented as a means towards rehabilitation of the current extension system and economy by inserting modern concepts of agricultural extension.