Water is an important input in agricultural production and contributes towards food security. Agricultural water management (AWM) aims to utilize water in such a way that the water requirement of crops and animals are met, while enhancing productivity and conserving natural resources. In addition to irrigation, AWM also involves soil, land and ecosystem conservation strategies, including fisheries management, drainage and watershed management along with technologies for lifting, storing and transferring water. Improvements in the management of water resources are based on the integrated management of nutrients, plants, water and soil. This can be achieved by optimization of irrigation scheduling and utilizing irrigation systems such as drip irrigation. This book contains some path-breaking studies on agricultural water management. It includes contributions of experts and scientists, which will provide innovative insights into this area of study.