Allen Sapp's multifaceted career as a gifted composer, influential teacher, and innovative administrator is presented in this first book-length study of his life and works. The biography chronicles his studies with Aaron Copland, Walter Piston, and Nadia Boulanger; his service as Chief Cryptanalyst for the U.S. Army in Europe at the close of WWII; his early career on the faculty at Harvard; his formation of a highly influential center for avant-garde music at Buffalo in the 1960s; and his dramatic explosion of creativity in the 1980s. Musical examples from the biography are supplemented by corresponding sound files available via the World Wide Web (http://muslib.lib.ohio-state.edu/sapp/index.htm). Following the biography is a listing of Sapp's works and performances, featuring excerpts from performance reviews. This is followed by a Discography/Webography, which lists all commercially produced recordings as well as all known noncommercial recordings available in libraries, archives, or on the World Wide Web. The final two sections of the book present an annotated bibliography of writings by and about Allen Sapp. The book is supplemented by appendices providing a listing of academic and nonacademic positions held by Sapp, and chronological and alphabetical listings of his compositions.