Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) includes various treatment methods, such as ovarian stimulation, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, intended to enable infertile couples to achieve pregnancy. While artificial insemination has been used for over 200 years, only in the last 30 years has in vitro fertilization proliferated. Louise Brown, the first child conceived by this technique, was born in Britain in July 1978. It was not until 6 years later that a child was born through frozen embryo transfer and an additional 8 years later through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), which appeared in the early 1990s, made possible the birth of children free from particularly severe or lethal genetic disorders; the year 2000 witnessed the birth of the first child through in vitro maturation of oocytes, signifying that assisted reproductive technology without ovarian stimulation might be possible. More recently, pregnancy was achieved in a prematurely postmenopausal woman through ovarian tissue transplantation. What more has the future of assisted reproductive technology in store for us? How can such techniques be prevented from drifting into legal and ethical deviations? In order to better explain the various scientific stages that are essential to the management of couples infertility and to answer the many questions that continue to arise around this vital topic, several French specialists worked together to help write this book which was initiated and coordinated by Philippe Merveil."