Troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where the temperature decreases with increasing altitude. The prime objective of this dissertation is the characterization of various atmospheric processes ranging from a few kilometers to a few hundreds of kilometers taking place within this layer over the southern part of Indian sub-continent with the aid of numerical atmospheric models and observational data. With a view to broadening our understanding on some of the interesting atmospheric events such as Sea/Land Breeze Circulation (SLBC), Mountain Waves, and Thunderstorms, hitherto not attempted very much in an analytical and quantitative sense by many researchers the world over. --- S. Indira Rani (Author)