What is the source of the electroencephalogram, or "EEG", the human electrical brain activity that manifests itself in scalp recordings? Although encephalography is still one of the most widely-used measurement techniques in neurological diagnostics and neurophysiological research, the generators in the brain of the EEG recordings are still widely unknown. This volume, commemorating the discovery of EEG by Hans Berger, brings together the latest ideas and findings of international experts in neurological and neurophysiological research. Combining new scientific findings with thorough state-of-the-art reviews of the basic mechanisms of the EEG, the chapters examine the relationships between cortical single-cell activity and EEG, the significance of subcortical structures and transmitter systems to the dynamics of the EEG, the generation of cortical field potentials, the relevance of glial cell activities and cell metabolism to EEG. These relationships are explored in their neurophysiological, clinical and neuropathological aspects.