This book carefully details design tools and techniques for realizing low power and energy efficiency in a highly productive design methodology. Important topics include: - Microarchitectural techniques to reduce energy per operation - Power reduction with timing slack from pipelining - Analysis of the benefits of using multiple supply and threshold voltages - Placement techniques for multiple supply voltages - Verification for multiple voltage domains - Improved algorithms for gate sizing, and assignment of supply and threshold voltages - Power gating design automation to reduce leakage - Relationships among tatistical timing, power analysis, and parametric yield optimization Design examples illustrate that these techniques can improve energy efficiency by two to three times.