The transformation and interior design of apartments calls for a special approach. Apartments are designed for city lifestyles and their specifications may be more restrictive than for houses, often having less available space and a lack of natural light. They also have to offer a refuge from the aggressive world outside, with its noise and pollution. All of these factors combine to make city apartments a real design challenge and an appealing exercise in interior design: improving the circulation between the various living spaces, adapting the layout to modern lifestyles, creating views through the home and making the best possible use of the available space. Furnishing compact volumes, decorating a "box" that has no character, integrating different functions to create a harmonious home: this can be a tricky job for the architect and interior designer.