Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) was an Irish writer, poet, and playwright. His novel,The Picture of Dorian Gray, brought him lasting recognition, and he became one of the most successful playwrights of the late Victorian era with a series of witty social satires, including his masterpiece,The Importance of Being Earnest. Richard Ellmann, during a long and distinguished career, won international recognition as a scholar, teacher of English literature, critic, and biographer. His magisterial life of James Joyce has been widely acclaimed as the greatest literary biography of the century. Ellmann was born in Highland Park, Michigan, in 1918. He studied at Yale and at Trinity College in Dublin. He taught at Harvard, Yale, Northwestern, Emory, the University of Chicago, Indiana University, and Oxford, where he was Goldsmiths' Professor of English Literature and Fellow of New College. HisJames Joyce(National Book Award, 1959) was preceded byYeats- The Man and the MasksandThe Identity of Yeats, and was followed by-among other greatly praised books-two volumes of Joyce letters,Eminent Domain, andFour Dubliners. Ellmann died in May 1987, in Oxford, soon after completingOscar Wilde, to which he had devoted some two decades of study, research, and writing.