Frederick Niecks (3 February 1845 - 24 June 1924) was a German musical scholar and author who spent much of his life in Scotland. His most famous works are biographies of Frédéric Chopin and Robert Schumann. Friedrich Maternus Niecks was born in Düsseldorf, the son of a conductor and instructor, and the grandson of a professional musician. His father taught him music, and he later studied violin with Leopold Auer and others, as well as piano and composition with Julius Tausch. He made his debut at the age of 13 with Charles Auguste de Bériot's Violin Concerto No. 2, then joined the Musikverein orchestra, where he remained until the age of 21. In 1868, he expressed a wish to go to the United Kingdom, and Alexander Mackenzie persuaded him to reside in Scotland, where he worked as a violist in Mackenzie's string quartet in Edinburgh and as an organist and teacher in Dumfries. In 1879, he began contributing to The Musical Times on a regular basis. He wrote a Concise Dictionary of Musical Terms in two editions in 1884. Frédéric Chopin as Man and Musician, his magnum work, was released in 1888, with a German version following in 1889. This was Chopin's first full biography.