Prof. Dr. Stefan H.E. Kaufmann is Founding Director of the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin. He has published more than 600 scientific articles and is member of numerous scientific societies and committees e.g. current President of the European Federation of Immunological Societies, and Chair of the Immunology division of the American Society of Microbiology. He has won numerous prestigious awards including the Scientific Prize of Smith Kline Beecham and the Pettenkofer Prize. Eric Rubin is Professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases at the Harvard School of Public Health. He carried out both his MD and PhD work at Tufts University.