This special volume of The American Ceramic Society's Materials Science of Concrete series represents a collection of presentations given, and discussions held, at the Anna Maria 2001 Workshop on Cement and Concrete - Trends and Challenges, held November 7-9, 2001, at Holmes Beach, Anna Maria Island, Florida. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together representatives from different portions of the cement and concrete community (including industry, academia, and government) to discuss future trends and challenges in the field of concrete materials. Presentation and discussion topics included new developments and their potential for application, industry's view on what it needs from academia, academia's opinion on what it expects from industry and what it has to offer, technical advances and barriers to advancement, and the role of governments, business issues, ecological barriers, and social barriers.