There are various types of therapies available for the treatment of cancer such as targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy makes use of drugs to eliminate cancer cells. Targeted therapy is a type of molecular medicine that stops cancer cells from growing by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumor growth. It is available for lung cancer, colorectal cancer, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and melanoma. Targeted cancer therapies are more successful and less damaging to normal cells than traditional treatments such as chemotherapy. Research related to cancer immunology has helped in creating several targeted therapies. They act as biological response modifiers or immunomodulators. The most successful targeted therapies target a protein or enzyme that possesses a mutation or any other genetic modification specific to cancer cells and not found in normal host tissues. The aim of this book is to present researches that have been instrumental in advancing cancer research and techniques of treating and managing cancer. It will provide innovative insights to all readers.