Science education is a crucial aspect of any education system, and it plays a significant role in shaping students' understanding of the world and their place in it. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 highlights the importance of science education and emphasizes the need to promote scientific temper, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills among students. This policy has brought about significant changes in the approach to science education in India, and it is imperative that science educators align with these changes to ensure that students receive a comprehensive and inclusive science education. This book aims to provide science educators with a comprehensive understanding of the current state of science education in India, the reforms brought about by NEP 2020, and the strategies to promote scientific temper, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills among students. It covers a wide range of topics, including the philosophy of science education, teaching and learning strategies, assessment and evaluation, curriculum development, teacher professional development, and contemporary issues in science education. The content of this book has been carefully curated to provide readers with a balanced and inclusive perspective on science education. It includes insights from prominent educators and researchers in the field, as well as examples from Indian and global contexts. The book is structured to be accessible to science educators at all levels, from primary school to higher education. We hope that this book will serve as a valuable resource for science educators, policymakers, and researchers, and that it will contribute to the develop