Agroforestry has considerable potential, not as the only way to improve agricultural production, but as one important way to enhance and maintain overall productivity of the small upland farm, the agricultural unit that is becoming more prevalent in many parts of the world. Nitrogen fixing tree species (NFT) possess all the virtues of multipurpose tree species (MPT) and are given top priority in agroforestry. A rapid production of healthy tree seedlings in nurseries and a high survival rate after planting is important. In this context, the role of both VAM and Rhizobium gains importance. Concerted efforts are required to develop suitable nursery technology for nodulation with suitable rhizobia and fortification of seedlings with symbiotically efficient VAM fungi to produce quality seedlings. Giving due consideration to the subject the present problem was selected for investigations.