Andrea Cornwall is a social anthropologist based at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex. She has worked on participation, gender, and sexual and reproductive health as a researcher and trainer for the last fifteen years, mainly in Africa. She is currently involved in research on the social history of participation in development, and on citizenship, rights and accountability in health. Vera Schattan P. Coelho is a political scientist. She is a researcher and project co-ordinator at the Brazilian Center of Analysis and Planning (CEBRAP) in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Her interests centre on new forms of citizen participation, deliberation, and consultation to improve social policies and democracy. She is the author of numerous articles on health policy, pension reform, and participatory governance and is editor of Pension Reform in Latin America (FGV, 2003) and Participation and Deliberation in Contemporary Brazil (with Marcos Nobre, 34 Letras, 2004).