The Authors George E. Walker is vice president for research and dean of the University Graduate School at Florida International University. He served as senior scholar and director of the Carnegie Initiative on the Doctorate at The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Chris M. Golde is associate vice provost for graduate education at Stanford University. She served as senior scholar and research director for the Carnegie Initiative on the Doctorate at The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Laura Jones is director of heritage services and university archaeologist at Stanford University. She served as senior scholar and director of the Community Program at The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Andrea Conklin Bueschel is senior program officer with the Spencer Foundation. Pat Hutchings is vice president of The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, working closely with a wide range of programs and research initiatives.