Sue Hobbs, the lead author, is currently part of a Home Office funded research team carrying out an independent investigation into criminal justice policy and practice since the 1980s. She holds degrees in English Literature and Economic and Social History and Sociology and Social Policy from Manchester Polytechnic and Durham University. She has wide practice experience in the area of criminal justice, and is a former Senior Probation Officer. She worked for 8 years as a Senior Lecturer in Community Justice teaching on probation qualifying degree programme before joining Kingston University as a Senior Lecturer in Criminology in 2006. She retired from teaching in 2012. She retains an active interest in Probation practice and policy development. She recently undertook research for the National Offender Management Service into the transition of young adult offenders from the youth to the adult offending services, and has acted as an academic advisor to Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation. Christopher Hamerton is currently Senior Lecturer specialising in Socio-Legal Studies and Criminology at Kingston University, where he leads the MA Cybercrime degree. He is also Director of Legal Studies in the Departmental Research Centre, where his role encompasses direction and leadership in socio-legal research. Christopher holds degrees in Law (LLB (Hons), BCL) and Criminal Justice (MA) as a graduate of the Universities of Oxford and Southampton. In addition, he is a Barrister of the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute (FRAI) in 2008. He is co-author with Julia Davidson of International Perspectives on Child Victimisation, also published by Routledge. His criminal justice policy research interests include theoretical perspectives on the criminal justice process, legal pluralism, and international responses to globalised crime.