On July 29, 2010, President Obama signed the "Tribal Law and Order Act" (TLOA) into law with the goal of improving public safety in Indian Country. TLOA has provided Tribes additional resources and has fostered greater self-determination and self-governance of their justice systems. Law enforcement and public safety in the United States is largely administered on a local level and TLOA has helped ensure that this is also the situation in Indian Country. Indian Country still faces many public safety challenges. Far too many tribal communities are experiencing the devastating effects of alcohol and drugs. Testimony during this hearing is provided by Lawrence S. Roberts, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs, United States Department of the Interior, Mirtha Beadle, MPA, Director, Office of Tribal Affairs and Policy, Substance Abuse and Mental health Services Administration, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Tracy Toulou, Director, Office of Tribal Justice, and Glen G. Gobin, Vice Chairman the Tulalip Tribes.