IZRAIL S. TUROVSKIY is a wastewater and biosolids consultant in Jacksonville, Florida. He received a BS degree in civil engineering from Civil Engineering Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; an MS degree in sanitary engineeringfrom Civil Engineering Institute, Moscow, Russia; and a DSc degree in environmental engineering from Municipal Academy,Moscow. He has more than fifty years of experience in environmental engineering, including time as head of the All-UnionResearch Institute of Water Supply, Sewage Systems, and Hydrotechnical Structures in Moscow. Dr. Turovskiy has patentsin Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Finland, and the United States. He has also authored or coauthored more than 200technical publications including eight books. P. K. MATHAI is a senior project manager and Associate Fellow in environmental engineering with Jacobs Civil, Inc. in St. Louis, Missouri. He received a BS degree in civil engineering from University of Kerala, India, and an MS degree in environmental engineering from University of Dayton, Ohio. He has over thirty years of wide-ranging experience in environmental engineering and has been involved in the planning, design, and technical review of over sixty wastewater treatment plants and sludge processing facilities. He is a registered professional engineer in Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, Kentucky, and Maryland.